Percepción de usuarias y personal de salud, referente a la violencia obstétrica. Hospital Central de San Cristóbal, estado Táchira

Abstract

INTRODUCCIÓN: La violencia obstétrica implica cualquier acción que patologice los procesos reproductivos naturales y biológicos de la mujer. OBJETIVO: Describir la percepción de las usuarias y personal de salud, referente a la violencia obstétrica en el Hospital Central de San Cristóbal, Edo. Táchira, desde Abril a Junio de 2017. METODOLOGIA: Investigación descriptiva, de corte transversal. Población: 157 mujeres en puerperio hospitalizadas en el área de maternidad y 82 trabajadores del servicio de Obstetricia. RESULTADOS: Se contabilizaron 148 eventos de agresión, la mayor ocurrencia se observó en las mujeres entre 24 – 34 años (105%) y se identificó como: la dificultad de preguntar o manifestar miedos. 112 mujeres atendidas por parto simple reportaron 136 agresiones. Un 63% de las agresiones fueron realizadas por los médicos y un 28% por las enfermeras. Se reportaron 217 procedimientos sin consentimiento, el más frecuente fue: tacto vaginal reiterado (62%). Un 79% del personal conoce el término Violencia Obstétrica. Los mismos reportan que las enfermeras y los médicos son los perpetradores más frecuentes (37% y 34%). Un 65% no solicitan consentimiento informado y un 78% desconoce la Ley. CONCLUSION: La mayoría de las agresiones fueron realizadas por los médicos y enfermeras, y la más frecuente fue: la dificultad de preguntar o manifestar miedos.

INTRODUCTION: Obstetric violence implies any action that pathologizes the natural and biological reproductive processes of women. OBJECTIVE: To describe the perception of users and health personnel regarding obstetric violence in the Central Hospital of San Cristóbal, Edo. Táchira, from April to June 2017. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive research, cross-sectional. Population: 157 postpartum women hospitalized in the maternity ward and 82 employed in the obstetrics service. RESULTS: The mean age of the women was 24 ± 6.78 years. The majority were in the age group of 13 to 23 years (54%); 57% have had schooling at the secondary school level. The simple delivery rate was 89%. 148 aggression events were recorded, the highest occurrence was observed in women between 24 - 34 years old (105%) and was identified as: the difficulty of asking or expressing fears because they did not respond or did it in a bad way. 112 women attended for simple delivery reported 136 aggressions, 36% of those attended by cesarean section perceived some abuse. 63% of the aggressions were carried out by the doctors and 28% by the nurses. 217 procedures were reported without consent. The most frequent was: repeated vaginal tact (62%). 79% of the staff knows the term Obstetric Violence. They report that nurses and doctors are the most frequent perpetrators (37% and 34%). 65% do not request informed consent and 78% do not know the Law. CONCLUSION: Most of the aggressions were performed by doctors and nurses, and the most frequent was the difficulty of asking or expressing fears.